Настройка NGINX + PHP-FastCGI

Для многих не секрет что означают акроним LAMP, однако буква A (Apache) не всегда именно тот веб сервер, который нам подходит по показателю цена/качество. Apache чаще всего ставят для работы с PHP, однако nginx в связке с PHP-FastCGI тоже прекрасно с этим справляются, при этом экономя системные ресурсы.
Для начала открываем в любом редакторе конфиг nginx'а

sudo vi /etc/nginx/sites-available/default

и добавляем следующий код в секцию server {}

location ~ \.php$ {
    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
    fastcgi_index  index.php;
    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /var/www$fastcgi_script_name;
    include fastcgi_params;
}

Теперь нам необходимо установить и настроить сервер php-fastcgi.

sudo apt-get install php5-cgi

Открываем php.ini файл

sudo vi /etc/php5/cgi/php.ini

ищем строку cgi.fix_pathinfo и в целях безопастности меняем на

cgi.fix_pathinfo = 0

Создаем php-fastcgi инит файл в /etc/init.d/

sudo vi /etc/init.d/php-fastcgi

и вставляем в него следующий код

#! /bin/sh
### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides: php-fastcgi
# Required-Start: $all
# Required-Stop: $all
# Default-Start: 2 3 4 5
# Default-Stop: 0 1 6
# Short-Description: Start and stop php-cgi in external FASTCGI mode
# Description: Start and stop php-cgi in external FASTCGI mode
### END INIT INFO

# Author: Kurt Zankl

# Do NOT «set -e»

PATH=/sbin:/usr/sbin:/bin:/usr/bin
DESC=«php-cgi in external FASTCGI mode»
NAME=php-fastcgi
DAEMON=/usr/bin/php-cgi
PIDFILE=/var/run/$NAME.pid
scriptNAME=/etc/init.d/$NAME

# Exit if the package is not installed
[ -x "$DAEMON" ] || exit 0

# Read configuration variable file if it is present
[ -r /etc/default/$NAME ] &&. /etc/default/$NAME

# Load the VERBOSE setting and other rcS variables
. /lib/init/vars.sh

# Define LSB log_* functions.
# Depend on lsb-base (>= 3.0-6) to ensure that this file is present.
. /lib/lsb/init-functions

# If the daemon is not enabled, give the user a warning and then exit,
# unless we are stopping the daemon
if [ "$START" != «yes» -a "$1" != «stop» ]; then
log_warning_msg «To enable $NAME, edit /etc/default/$NAME and set START=yes»
exit 0
fi

# Process configuration
export PHP_FCGI_CHILDREN PHP_FCGI_MAX_REQUESTS
DAEMON_ARGS="-q -b $FCGI_HOST:$FCGI_PORT"

do_start()
{
# Return
# 0 if daemon has been started
# 1 if daemon was already running
# 2 if daemon could not be started
start-stop-daemon --start --quiet --pidfile $PIDFILE --exec $DAEMON --test > /dev/null || return 1
start-stop-daemon --start --quiet --pidfile $PIDFILE --exec $DAEMON --background --make-pidfile --chuid $EXEC_AS_USER --startas $DAEMON — $DAEMON_ARGS || return 2
}

do_stop()
{
# Return
# 0 if daemon has been stopped
# 1 if daemon was already stopped
# 2 if daemon could not be stopped
# other if a failure occurred
start-stop-daemon --stop --quiet --retry=TERM/30/KILL/5 --pidfile $PIDFILE > /dev/null # --name $DAEMON
RETVAL="$?"
[ "$RETVAL" = 2 ] && return 2
# Wait for children to finish too if this is a daemon that forks
# and if the daemon is only ever run from this initscript.
# If the above conditions are not satisfied then add some other code
# that waits for the process to drop all resources that could be
# needed by services started subsequently. A last resort is to
# sleep for some time.
start-stop-daemon --stop --quiet --oknodo --retry=0/30/KILL/5 --exec $DAEMON
[ "$?" = 2 ] && return 2
# Many daemons don't delete their pidfiles when they exit.
rm -f $PIDFILE
return "$RETVAL"
}

case "$1" in
start)
[ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_daemon_msg «Starting $DESC» "$NAME"
do_start
case "$?" in
0|1) [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_end_msg 0 ;;
2) [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_end_msg 1 ;;
esac
;;
stop)
[ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_daemon_msg «Stopping $DESC» "$NAME"
do_stop
case "$?" in
0|1) [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_end_msg 0 ;;
2) [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_end_msg 1 ;;
esac
;;
restart|force-reload)
log_daemon_msg «Restarting $DESC» "$NAME"
do_stop
case "$?" in
0|1)
do_start
case "$?" in
0) log_end_msg 0 ;;
1) log_end_msg 1 ;; # Old process is still running
*) log_end_msg 1 ;; # Failed to start
esac
;;
*)
# Failed to stop
log_end_msg 1
;;
esac
;;
*)
echo «Usage: $scriptNAME {start|stop|restart|force-reload}» >&2
exit 3
;;
esac

Выставляем права на исполнение

sudo chmod 755 /etc/init.d/php-fastcgi

Создаем еще один файл php-fastcgi в /etc/default/

sudo vi /etc/default/php-fastcgi

и вставляем следующий код

#
# Settings for php-cgi in external FASTCGI Mode
#

# Should php-fastcgi run automatically on startup? (default: no)

START=yes

# Which user runs PHP? (default: www-data)

EXEC_AS_USER=www-data

# Host and TCP port for FASTCGI-Listener (default: localhost:9000)

FCGI_HOST=localhost
FCGI_PORT=9000

# Environment variables, which are processed by PHP

PHP_FCGI_CHILDREN=5
PHP_FCGI_MAX_REQUESTS=1000

Запускаем сервер

sudo /etc/init.d/php-fastcgi start

добавляем его в автозагрузку

update-rc.d php-fastcgi defaults 

Перезапускаем nginx

sudo /etc/init.d/nginx restart

и проверяем работу php.